The working principle of reverse osmosis membrane

  1.A membrane that is selective for permeable substances is called a semi-permeable membrane, and a membrane that can only permeate a solvent but cannot permeate a solute is generally called an ideal semi-permeable membrane. When the same volume of dilute solution (such as fresh water) and concentrated solution (such as salt water) are placed on both sides of the semipermeable membrane, the solvent in the dilute solution will naturally pass through the semipermeable membrane and flow to the concentrated solution side spontaneously, This phenomenon is called penetration. When the osmosis reaches equilibrium, the liquid level on the side of the concentrated solution will be higher than the liquid level of the dilute solution by a certain height, that is, a pressure difference is formed, and this pressure difference is the osmotic pressure.
  2.The size of the osmotic pressure depends on the inherent properties of the solution, that is, it is related to the type, concentration and temperature of the solution and has nothing to do with the properties of the semipermeable membrane. If a pressure greater than the osmotic pressure is applied on the solution side, the flow direction of the solvent will be opposite to the original osmotic direction, and it will begin to flow from the concentrated solution to the dilute solution side. This process is called reverse osmosis.
  3.Reverse osmosis is a reverse migration movement of osmosis. It is a separation method that separates the solute and solvent in the solvent by means of the selective interception of the semi-permeable membrane under the pressure drive. It has been widely used in the purification of various solutions. The most common application example is in the water treatment process, using reverse osmosis technology to remove impurities such as inorganic ions, bacteria, viruses, organics and colloids in raw water to obtain high-quality pure water.
  4.The reverse osmosis membrane is a semi-permeable membrane artificially synthesized by a special process in order to realize the reverse osmosis phenomenon of the aqueous solution. The pore size of the reverse osmosis membrane is 0.0001µm, and only the solvent in the aqueous solution, water, can pass through, while its solute cannot pass through the reverse osmosis membrane. The diameter of the virus is 0.02-0.4µm, and the diameter of the bacteria is 0.4-1.0µm. Therefore, the water passing through the reverse osmosis membrane is truly pure water.
Does the reverse osmosis pure water system frequently start and stop, has a great impact on the equipment?

   If the reverse osmosis pure water system is designed for continuous operation, in actual operation, there will be start and stop at different frequencies. When the membrane system is out of operation, low-pressure flushing with its produced water or pretreated water should be used to replace the concentrated water with high concentration but containing scale inhibitor in the membrane element. It should also be considered not to introduce air due to system leakage, because if Parts lose water and dry out, and irreversible permeate flux loss may occur. If the machine is down for 24 hours, no action is necessary. However, if the downtime exceeds the above provisions, the protective solution storage system or the membrane system should be flushed regularly to reduce the impact on the equipment caused by the start-up of the equipment.

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